Which type of redundancy protocol uses a Virtual IP and a Virtual MAC between two Layer 3 devices?

The correct response identifies a redundancy protocol that utilizes both a Virtual IP address and a Virtual MAC address to provide gateway redundancy between two Layer 3 devices.

In this context, Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) and Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) employ a Virtual IP, but it's important to note that they do not assign a Virtual MAC address in the same manner as the choice provided. HSRP uses a specific MAC address format derived from the group number, while VRRP does not assign a Virtual MAC in the same sense—it's a standard MAC associated with the master router that takes on the Virtual IP.

Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) also utilizes a Virtual IP address but is distinct in that it can load balance traffic across multiple routers, using a Virtual MAC to uniquely identify each device in the group.

The term "FHRP" encompasses several principal protocols such as HSRP, VRRP, and GLBP; therefore, while FHRP as a category includes protocols that use a Virtual IP, it's vital to clarify that not all of these specifically use a Virtual MAC in the same context as GLBP does.

Emphasizing the distinction, the answer highlights that FHRP is the